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编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第PAGE38页共NUMPAGES38页第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT38页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT38页SupplementaryreadingmaterialsforthefirstsemesterTextOnePracticeeffectivegoalsettingEmployeeshavemanygoals.Theystrivetoreachquotas,wincontests,pleaseothers,makeitthroughtheworkday,oroutperformtheirco-workers.Theirgoalsaresometimesdifficultandsometimeseasy,sometimesspecificandsometimesvague.Thenatureofemployeegoalsandhowtheyaresetarecritical.Goalsettingisasimpleandinexpensive,butverypowerful,toolintheleader’sarsenal.Whyaregoalssoimportant?◆Goalsletemployeesknowwhatisexpectedofthem.◆Goalscanrelieveboredom.Considerhowboringmostgameswouldbeifyoudidn’tkeepscore.◆Whenpeoplereachtheirgoals,theyliketheirjobsmoreandaremoresatisfiedwiththeirperformance.◆Reachingagoalearnsrecognitionfrompeers,supervisors,andothers.◆Reachingagoalincreasesself-confidence,prideinachievement,andwillingnesstoacceptfuturechallenges.Hereareguidelinesforsettingeffectivegoals:Bespecific.Specificgoalsleadtohigherperformancethanvagueones.Infact,“doyourbest”goalshaveaboutthesameeffectasnogoalatall.Imaginearunnercirclingatrack,shoutingtohercoach“HowmuchfartherdoIhavetogo?”Areplyfromthecoachof“Justdoyourbest”won’thelpmuch.Similarly,“directional”goals,suchas“dobetter”or“loseweight”aren’tanymoreuseful.Instead,aspecificgoalsuchas“increaseproductivityby20percentwithinsixmonths”or“losetenpoundsintenmonths”isneeded.Setdifficult,butreachable,goals.Aslongasthegoalisseenasreasonable,moredifficultgoalsleadtobetterperformance.However,employeesmustbelievethegoalisattainable.Iifnot,theywillrejectit.Also,peoplepursuemanygoalsatthesametime.Iftheybelieveoneistoodifficult,theywillfocusonother,moreattainablegoals.Interestingly,whenpeoplefacedifficultgoals,theyanalyzetheirtaskmorethoroughlyandaremorecreativethanwhengivensimplegoals.Theybothworkharderandworksmarter.Letpeopleparticipateinsettingtheirgoals.Thisincreasesunderstandingandacceptanceofgoals.Animportant—andperhapssurprising—factistha
