第四节倒装倒装语序有两类:全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装：指谓语部分全部提到主语之前；部分倒装：指谓语的一部分提到主语之前。倒装语序常出现在下列情况中:1.为避免句子部分内容重复,英语中常用倒装句,即:so(neither,nor)+be动词(助动Myfaterisanengineer;soismyhusband.Janedidn'tattendmyclassyesterday;nordidTorris."Johncan'tswim.""NeithercanI.""约翰不会游泳。""我也不会。"[提示]如表示赞同别人的陈述,so后面的部分不倒装。"Jimisagood-swimmer.""Soheis,andsoisDick."2.具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时,句子一般部分倒装,即将be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前。这类词或短语包括:not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,scarcely,bynomeans,undernocircumstances,innoway,atnotime,nosooner等。Neverhasmybrotherbeenabroadbefore.HardlyhadIsatdownwhenIheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Nosonnerhadhereturnedthanheboughtafinehouseandwenttolivethere.Atnotimeshouldyougiveupstudying.在任何时候你都不应放弃读书。[提示](1)如果句首的否定词修饰主语,是主语的一部分,则句子不用倒装。Scarcelyadropofrainfelllastmonth.(2)as或though引导的让步状语从句常用倒装。一般将一些形容词、副词等置于句Prominentasheisinhisfield,heremainseasy-going.Wealthyasheis,Idon'tenvyhim.3.当so,often,only等表示程序或频率的副词置于句首时,句子一般倒装。Sogreatwasthedestructionthatthesouthtookdecadestorecovery.Oftendoeshewarnusnottotouchthepoisonouschemical.Onlyinthiswaycanweaccomplishitontime.4.当there,here,then,now等副词置于句首,且谓语动词为come,go,be等词时,句子一般全部倒装。此类倒装句旨在引起别人注意。但如果主语是代词。句子则不倒装。Look!Herecomesthetaxi.Herearesomelettersforyoutotype.Thencamethechairman.5.当out,in,away,up,bang等方位或拟声词置于句首时,句子一般全部倒装。此类倒装句比正常程序的句子的更生动、形象。但如主语是代词,句子则不倒装。Awayflewthebird.Banggoesmyace.Awayshewent.Aheadsatanoldwoman.Exercises4Choosethebestanswertocompletethefollowingsentences:1.Onlyrecently___________torealizethedangerscaffeine(咖啡因)mightbringtoourhealth.A.thatscientistsbeganB.havescientistsbegunC.scientistshavebegunD.thatdidscientistsbegin2.Notuntiltheyearof1954________madethecapitalofthiscountry.A.thecitywasB.wasthecityC.whenthecitywasD.waswhenthecity3.___________thedoctorrightaway,hemightbealivetoday.A.ShouldhehavegonetoB.IfhewenttoC.WerehetogoD.Hadhegoneto4."Doesyourfathercallyouveryoften?""yes,myfatercallsaboutonceaweekand___________."A.somybrotherdoesB.mybrotherdoessoC.sodoesmybro