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JonathanSwift1.TheintroductionoftheauthorIn1694,hetookreligiousordersintheChurchofIrelandandthenspentayearasacountryparson.HethenspentfurthertimeintheserviceofTemplebeforereturningtoIrelandtobecomethechaplainoftheearl伯爵ofBerkeley伯克利.Meanwhile,hehadbeguntowritesatires讽刺作品onthepoliticalandreligiouscorruptionsurroundinghim,workingonATaleofaTub,whichsupportsthepositionoftheAnglicanChurchagainstitscriticsontheleftandtheright,andTheBattleoftheBooks,whicharguesforthesupremacyoftheclassicsagainstmodernthoughtandliterature.HealsowroteanumberofpoliticalpamphletsinfavoroftheWhigparty.Lateinlife,Swiftseemedtomanyobserverstobecomeevenmorecausticandbitterthanhehadbeen.Threeyearsbeforehisdeath,hewasdeclaredunabletocareforhimself,andguardianswereappointed.BasedonthesefactsandonacomparisonbetweenSwift’sfateandthatofhischaracterGulliver,somepeoplehaveconcludedthathegraduallybecameinsaneandthathisinsanitywasanaturaloutgrowthofhisindignationandoutrageagainsthumankind.However,thetruthseemstobethatSwiftwassuddenlyincapacitatedbyaparalyticstroke瘫痪中风lateinlife,andthatpriortothisincidenthismentalcapacitieswereunimpaired.JonathanSwift(1667—1745）Dream:wantedtocuresociety’sillswithhumorSpentmostofhislifeinIreland,devotedtoIrishaffairs,butalwaysconsideredhimselfEnglishandaToryReligiousBelief:Swiftwasaclergyman牧师,amemberoftheChurchofIreland,theIrishbranchoftheAnglicanChurch;andassuchhewasamilitantdefenderofhischurchinthefaceofthethreatstoitscontinuedexistenceposedbyRomanCatholicismathomeinIrelandandinEngland,whereSwiftandhispeerssawtheCatholicsasthreateningnotonlytheAnglicanChurchbuttheEnglishConstitution.Swift’sstyleOneofthegreatestmastersofEnglishprose;Hedefinesagoodstyleas“properwordsinproperplaces”.oneoftherealistwriters.expressesdemocraticideasinhisworks.Hislanguageissimple,clear,vigorous;Heseemstohavenodifficultyinfindingwordstoexpressexactlytheimpressionwhichhewishestoconvey;Heisamastersatiristandhisironyisdeadly一针见血.Buthissatireismaskedbyanoutwardgravity表面的严肃,andanapparentcalm
