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四个行业IP问题参考资料.pdf

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2012/11/18TheDMCAwaspassedbyUSCongressin1998inordertocomplywithtwoWIPOtreaties.ThisactpreventsTheNapsterStorycircumventionofDRMinthefollowingways:◦ItisillegaltocircumventDRMmechanismsinanyway.◦ItisillegaltodistributedevicesorsoftwarethatcanDigitalMillenniumCopyrightActcircumventDRM◦ItisillegaltoacquiredevicesorsoftwarethatcircumventApplev.s.RealNetworksDRM.MusicSearchinChinaDRMallowforcontentprotectionthatextendsfarbeyondtraditionalcopyrightmechanisms.Theyhavefargreatercontroloversecondarymarketsthantheyeverhadinthepast.In1999,ShawnFanning-writingthesourcecodeforafile-RealNetworksgrabbedheadlinesinJuly2004whensharingprogramcalledNapster.itannouncedthatithadreverseengineeredWhileNapster’sindexanddirectoryresidedonacentralApple’sFairPlaysoftware.server,thetransferoffileswastooccurdirectlyfromusertouser.ThismeantthatNapsterneveractuallycontrolledtheRealenabledthesongspurchasedfromitsstoretocontent,theyonlyfacilitatethetransaction.beplayedonApple’siPodAccordingtoTimeMagazine,Napsterhadmorethan25millionusersinlessthanoneyearofoperation.On7December1999,theRecordingIndustryAssociationofApplestatedthatitwasexploringthelegalityofAmerica(RIAA)filedalawsuitagainstReal’sactionsundertheDMCAandotherlaws.By2001,Napster’sservicewasdownandthecompanyfiledforbankruptcylessthanoneyearlater.LegalexpertshavenotedthatreverseengineeringforpurposesofinteroperabilityiscommonintechnologyindustryandisprotectedundertheDMCA.NearlyallsearchenginecompanyinChinaprovideMP3search.Mostofthefilesareprovidedbyregularinternetusers.SearchenginecompanyprovideaveryconvenientwayforuserstofindthesefilesbyRadiostationv.s.Cashdivertingtothedeep-link.Podcasterv.s.MusicLabelsButmusiclabelsthinkthattheyarefacilitatingtheprocessandshouldbeliablefortheact.FirstlawcaseisbetweenBaiduandEMI.Lateron,Sony,UniversalandWarneralljointhecase.TheoutcomesettlementbecomethenewTingserviceofBaiduin201112012/11/18Radiostationisthelargestcontributorofperforman